Do / did / doing / done
I. Le verbe do est l'équivalent du verbe français "faire"
Il est suivi d'un COD :
- I do my homework every night. (= Je fais mes devoirs tous les soirs).
Sa forme passée, did, correspond aux différentes formes passées du verbe "faire" :
- I did my homework last night. (= J'ai fait mes devoirs hier soir).
• Il se combine, au présent et au passé avec la forme be+ing1 :
- I'm busy. I'm doing my homework. (= Je suis occupé. Je fais / je suis en train de faire mes devoirs).
- I was doing my homework when Dad entered my room. (= Je faisais mes devoirs quand Papa est entré dans ma chambre).
II. L'auxiliaire do n'a que deux formes : do et did
• Les formes doing (participe présent) et done (participe passé) ne peuvent qu'être celles du verbe do = faire.
• Elles n'apparaissent qu'aux temps grammaticaux suivants :
- done : au present perfect1 et pluperfect1 :
- Have you done your homework yet? (= As-tu (enfin) fait tes devoirs ?)
- He hadn't done his homework in time. (= Il n'avait pas fait ses devoirs en temps et en heure).
- doing : au présent et passé en be+ing ( voir la fiche A2 be+ing ou la forme progressive).
au present perfect1 (revoir le present perfect) et pluperfect (revoir le plueperfect) en be+ing1 :
- I have been doing this for many years. (= Je fais cela depuis des années / Ça fait / Il y a des années que je fais cela).
- She had no longer been doing this for many years. (= Cela faisait / il y avait des années qu'elle ne faisait plus cela).
III. Conjugaison du verbe do (souligné dans ce tableau) au present perfect
| personnes | Forme + | Forme ?2 | Forme –2 |
| 1 sg | I have done my homework. | Have I done my homework? | I haven't done my homework. |
| 2 sg | You have done your homework. | Have you done your homework? | You haven't done your homework. |
| 3m sg | He has done is homework. | Has he done his homework? | He hasn't done his homework. |
| 3f sg | She has done her homework. | Has she done her homework? | She hasn't done her homework. |
| 3n sg | The robot has done the housework. | Has it done the housework? | It hasn't done the housework. |
| 1 pl | We have done our homework. | Have we done our homework? | We haven't done our homework. |
| 2 pl | You have done your homework. | Have you done your homework? | You haven't done your homework. |
| 3 pl | They have done their homework. | Have they done their homework? | They haven't done their homework. |
Les auxiliaires dans ce tableau figurent en gras.
IV. Conjugaison du verbe do (souligné dans ce tableau) au present perfect en be+ing
| personnes | Forme + | Forme ?2 | Forme –2 |
| 1 sg | I have been doing3 my homework. | Have I been doing my homework? | I have not been doing my homework. |
| 2 sg | You have been doing your homework. | Haveyou been doing your homework? | You haven't been doing your homework. |
| 3m sg | He has been doing his homework. | Has he been doing his homework. | He hasn't been doing his homework. |
| 3f sg | She has been doing her homework. | Has she been doing her homework? | She hasn't been doing her homework. |
| 3n sg | The robot has been doing the housework. | Has it been doing the housework? | It hasn't been doing the housework. |
| 1 pl | We have been doing our homework. | Have we been doing our homework? | We haven't been doing our homework. |
| 2 pl | You have been doing your homework. | Have you been doing your homework? | You haven't been doing your homework. |
| 3 pl | They have been doing their homework. | Have they been doing their homework? | They haven't been doing their homework. |
Les auxiliaires dans ce tableau figurent en gras.
V. Conjugaison du verbe do (souligné dans ce tableau) au pluperfect
| personnes | Forme + | Forme ?2 | Forme –2 |
| 1 sg | I had done my homework. | Had I done my homework? | I hadn't done my homework. |
| 2 sg | You had done your homework. | Had you done your homework? | You hadn't done your homework. |
| 3m sg | He had done his homework. | Had he done his homework? | He hadn't done his homework. |
| 3f sg | She had done her homework. | Had she done her homework? | She hadn't done her homework. |
| 3n sg | The robot had done the housework. | Had it done the housework? | It hadn't done the housework. |
| 1 pl | We had done our homework. | Had we done our homework? | We hadn't done our homework. |
| 2 pl | You had done your homework. | Had you done your homework? |
You hadn't done your homework.
|
| 3 pl | They had done their homework. | Had they done their homework? | They hadn't done their homework. |
VI. Conjugaison du verbe do (souligné dans ce tableau) au pluperfect en be+ing
| personnes | Forme + | Forme ?2 | Forme –2 |
| 1 sg | I had been doing my homework. | Had I been doing my homework? | I hadn't been doing my homework. |
| 2 sg | You had been doing your homework. | Had you been doing your homework? | You hadn't been doing your homework. |
| 3m sg | He had been doing his homework. | Had he been doing his homework. | He hadn't been doing his homework. |
| 3f sg | She had been doing her homework. | Had she been doing her homework? | She hadn't been doing her homework. |
| 3n sg | The robot had been doing the housework. | Had it been doing the housework? | It hadn't been doing the housework. |
| 1 pl | We had been doing our homework. | Had we been doing our homework? | We hadn't been doing our homework. |
| 2 pl | You had been doing your homework. | Had you been doing your homework? | You hadn't been doing your homework. |
| 3 pl | They had been doing their homework. | Had they been doing their homework? | They hadn't been doing their homework. |
Les auxiliaires dans ce tableau figurent en orange.
VII. Les auxiliaires do/did et la forme dite emphatique
• Ces auxiliaires n'apparaissent pas exclusivement aux formes interrogative et négative.
• Ils sont utilisés à la forme affirmative pour permettre au locuteur d'insister, de confirmer ou de reconnaître qu'une action est bel et bien faite ou qu'elle l'a été :
- Are you sure he really plays the piano? (= Tu es sure qu'il joue du piano ?).
- Oh, yes. He does play the piano. He even plays very well indeed. (= Oh que oui ! Il joue même très bien).
- Are you sure you turned off the gas? (= Tu es sûr que tu as fermé le gaz ?).
- Yes, I did turn it off. I checked before we left. (= Oui, je l'ai bien fermé. J'ai vérifié avant de partir).